상하up and down 상수tap water 세상world 영상temperature above zero 탁상시계table clock 향상improvement; enhancement; progress 사상being in history 상good; top 상급반upper grades; higher grades 상급생senior student; upper classmen

급상승sudden rise; steep rise 상승기period of rising; period of expansion; period of upturns 상승세upward tendency; upswing; upturn 승강구entrance 승강기elevator 승격elevation of status 승압기booster 승천ascension 승화transcendence

청취율ratings 할인율discount rate 환율exchange rate 효율적being efficient; being effective 효율적efficient; effective 감소율reduction ratio 비율ratio; proportion 비효율적being inefficient 비효율적inefficient 사망률death rate